Formula 1, Who does not knew? Cars are often called the land the jet it is a car that is used in international racing event. Formula 1 cars are designed with aerodynamic similar to an airplane.
Not only that, the weight of a Formula 1 car that is lightweight makes this car can go fast.
Basically, a Formula One car is no different from the Chevrolet car parked in your garage. They use an internal combustion engine and having the transmission, suspension, wheels and brakes. But that's where the similarity ends. F1 cars are not designed to be worn relaxed driving or cruising down the interstate. Everything related to F1 focused on one thing: speed. F1 cars can easily reach speeds above 300 km / h. Record for the fastest F1 car recorded in the official event occurred in 2005 when the Italian GP on Juan Pablo Montoya McLaren Mercedes-Benz V10 engine to break the speed of 372 km / h.
Let us see what are the main systems of a Formula One car.
FORMULA 1 Chassis
The essence of a Formula One car is the chassis - part of the car where everything is bolted and attached . As with most modern cars and airplanes , cars F1 monocoque constructed of construction . Monokok or monocoque is the original word of French loan word meaning " single cell , " which refers to the process of making all parts of a single type of material . First F1 car built from aluminum and steel base , but today's F1 cars are built from strong composites , such as carbon fiber is rotated and set in resin or carbon fiber layered like a net made of aluminum . The result is a lightweight car that can hold it down with great force that is produced as the vehicle moves through the air when the top of the spinning wheel .
Monocoque cockpit combine as one entity powerful cell that accommodates riders who sit there . In contrast to ordinary road car cockpit , which can show large differences , the cockpit of an F1 car must comply with the technical regulations are very strict . They must , for example , meet the minimum size requirements and must have a flat floor . The seats , however , are made to fit the exact measurements of the size of the rider 's body so that his movements are limited as the car moves around the track .
Formula 1 engine
Before the 2006 season, the Formula One V10 engine wear. Then the rules changed, specify the use of a 2.4-liter V8 engine. Although the power output falls with changes in the regulations, F1 cars are still able to maintain its capacity as the fastest car. For comparison, the 2.5 liter engine from the Volkswagen Jetta cars produced only 150 horsepower. Of course, the Jetta engine is built to last for a distance of 100,000 miles or more. Instead F1 engine had to be rebuilt after reaching the workings of approximately 500 miles. Why? Because when the engine put out maximum power, the engine must be running at a very high spin rate - nearly 19,000 revolutions per minute. Running the engine at high rpm would generate heat that is not measurable, and puts a lot of stress on moving parts.
Fuel used for combustion in the engine F1 cars did not glance at the local gasoline you buy at the pump, but still have similarities. A small number of non-hydrocarbon compounds are allowed, but most of the additives used in order to be able to work a maximum machinery has been banned completely. All in all, an F1 team uses about 50 different fuel mixtures were adjusted to the different tracks. Each fuel mixture should be submitted to the FIA, the sport governing body, for approval of the composition and physical properties.
start the 2014 season, F1 will use a 1.6-liter V6 engine with the addition of a turbocharger, the thing that was popular in the F1 arena in the 1980s.
Formula 1 TRANSMISSION
Transmission main task is to transfer all the power of the engine to the rear wheel Formula One car . The transmission is connected directly to the rear of the machine . You do not have to bother looking for the difference . This transmission includes all the parts you can find on a regular street car - gearbox , differential and driveshaft . Gearbox must have a minimum of four and maximum of seven forward gears teeth ( from 2014 there are 8 teeth ) . The six-speed gearbox is quite popular for several years , but most of the F1 car is currently running a seven- speed gearbox . A reverse gear must also be installed . Gearbox connected to the differential , a set of gears that allow the rear wheels rotate at different speeds when cornering . And differential connected to the driveshaft , which transfers power to the wheels .
Shifting gears in F1 cars are not the same as shifting gears in a regular street car with a manual transmission . Instead of using traditional transfer scheme " H " through the gear lever , F1 driver shifted gears via a lever located directly behind the wheel . To use the gear down the left side while riding gear using the right side . Although fully automatic transmission system , including the advanced launch control system in a luxury sports car , the F1 transmission for this kind is prohibited . This helps reduce the overall cost of the power train and allows the driver to change gear using the skills to gain an advantage in the race .
Formula 1 AERODYNAMIC
A Formula One racing car defined an aerodynamic masterpiece with a powerful engine. That's because every car is running at a high speed to be able to do two things well: reduce air resistance and increase downforce. F1 car is low and wide is intended to reduce air resistance. Wing, diffuser plate, and barge boards are intended to increase downforce. Let's look at each one in more detail.
Wings : First appeared in 1960 , operates on the same principle as airplane wings , but with a reversed sense . Aircraft wing creates lift force on the wing while the F1 car is a product of downforce that holds the car to the track control , especially when cornering . Front and rear wing angle can be adjusted to obtain the ideal balance between air resistance and downforce .
Lotus engineers discovered in the 1970s that his own F1 car can turn into a giant wing . By using a unique undercarriage design , they were able to extract the air from under the car , creating a low pressure area around the vehicle is sucked down . This is called "ground - effect" . FIA directly prohibits this innovation and make strict regulations imposed to regulate the design of the undercarriage . The bottom of the car at this time should be flat from the nose cone to the rear axle line . Outside the lines , engineers must innovate freely . Most incorporate a diffuser , a device that is located just below the engine and gearbox which creates a suction effect due to channel incoming air and passes it to the back of the car .
Most F1 cars aerodynamic effects associated with how to get the air to move in accordance with the position where you want to move . Endplates small plate with flange area on the edge of the front wing to help " take " direct air along the sides of the car . Barge boards are located just behind the front wheel , take the air from there , pointing to the left and right side of the car to create more downforce .
The result of all this is that a combination of engineering aerodynamic downforce that is equivalent to a weight of 2,500 kilograms . That's more than four times the weight of the F1 cars themselves .
Formula 1 SUSPENSION
Suspension Formula One car has all the same components as the suspension of regular road car . They include components springs , dampers , anti - arms and sway bars . To keep things simple here , we would say that almost all coined F1 car features a double wishbone suspension . Before each race , the team will carry out the suspension settings to ensure that the car can brake while cornering safely , but still provide handling response .
Formula 1 Brakes
You will recognize all the parts of a car disc brakes commonly found in F1 cars . The big difference , of course , is that the brakes are used on F1 cars should be able to stop the car is running at speeds over 300 km / h . This causes the brake lights red - hot when they are used . To help reduce wear and improve braking performance , discs and carbon fiber brake pads are added in the order F1 car . The brake system is very effective at temperatures up to 750 ° C ( 1,382 ° F ) although it weighs very light . Holes around the edge of the brake discs allows the heat to flow quickly . The cars also have air ducts mounted on the outside of the wheel hub to cool the brakes . The airways change for different braking requirements of each circuit .
Formula 1 tires
As each part of a Formula One car , the tire also has strict rules . Slick tires - " bald tires " which does not have the groove - was introduced in 1960 and used until 1998 ( before then back in the 2009 season ) . FIA has several times tried to set about these tires in order to reduce cornering speeds and make the sport more competitive . In today's F1 car , the front tires should have a diameter of between 12 and 15 inches and the rear tires between 14 and 15 inches . In rainy conditions , the car can be put on the tires " intermediate " and " wet " , which has a full tread pattern designed to channel water from the road surface .
F1 car tires are made of a very soft rubber compound that allows when they heat up while walking on the track is able to provide a large gripping force . In fact , racing tires perform best at high temperatures , so they have to go through the tire warm-up period before the race . Distance that can be reached by a set of F1 tire is approximately 125 miles .
Traction control can extend tire life by limiting wheel spin , especially under load imposed by cornering . Traction control system uses electronic sensors to compare the speed of the wheel with each other . If there is one wheel is spinning faster than the road surface in the engine computer system automatically reduces the rounds at the wheel . Traction control has been allowed and banned in several occasions in the history of modern Formula One . Last traction control allowed since the start of the 2002 season , but banned altogether since the beginning of the 2008 season .
steering wheel
Steering wheel or steering wheel Formula One car is slightly different from the way the steering wheel . As a mobile command center , steering wheel F1 car has a dozen tombil is quite confusing for us who are not racers . The buttons include a button to turn off the engine , radio buttons and other communications . During the race , the driver can control almost every aspect of the car 's performance - change gear , fuel mixture , brake balance and more - with just the touch of a finger. Remarkably , all of this control comes at the steering wheel has a diameter half that of a normal car steering .
The rules state that a driver must be able to get out of his car in five seconds . To enable this , the steering wheel to the steering column joins through snap-on connector , so it can install and uninstall the drivers steering wheel with ease .
KERS AND DRS
Kinetic Energy Regenerative System ( KERS ) is an energy storage system that takes more energy is wasted when the car brakes . In this way , the fuel consumption becomes more efficient . Exhaust emissions , especially CO2 can also be reduced . When the car brakes , the engine still works . The resulting power unused machines at its optimum because the car slows down or even stop completely . Means engine power is wasted . Power is wasted in the form of movement or rotation of the machine component is called kinetic energy . That energy is captured , stored and later used again to run the vehicle . Currently there are two ways of harnessing the kinetic energy , ie mechanical and electrical . Mechanical , using a flywheel . While electrical , power from the engine is converted into electricity ( using generators ) , and then stored in a capacitor or battery . After that is used to help the engine run a vehicle , for example to accelerate . Because it uses two power sources , called a hybrid . In Formula 1 , KERS offered Flybrid mechanical work . Unused engine power when the car is braking , is stored in the form of round or a flywheel kinetic energy . Later the energy used again when the gas boosted .
Drag Reduction System ( DRS ) is a tool that was introduced in the Formula 1 season in 2011 with the aim of reducing aerodynamic drag in hopes of overtaking action adds . DRS will open the flap ( wing slats ) which is set up on the rear wing ( which when closed creates more downforce for greater cornering ) to reduce downforce , thus providing the speed of a car that was chasing more and more opportunity to overtake the car in front . DRS comes with several conditions conditions , such as chasing cars should be in one second for the DRS enabled .
Sourece; Formula1
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